FROZEN SHOULDER

Introduction

Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterized by stiffness, pain, and limited range of motion in the shoulder joint. It often occurs gradually and worsens over time, affecting a person's ability to perform daily activities and causing significant discomfort. In this blog, we will delve into the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for frozen shoulder, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of this condition.

Causes of Frozen Shoulder

The exact cause of frozen shoulder remains unknown in most cases, but certain factors can increase the risk of developing the condition. These include:

  1. Immobility or Prolonged Inactivity: Long periods of inactivity or immobilization, such as after an injury or surgery, can lead to the development of frozen shoulder.

  2. Shoulder Trauma or Injury: Shoulder trauma, such as a fracture or rotator cuff tear, can trigger inflammation and subsequent adhesions in the shoulder joint capsule.

  3. Systemic Diseases: Certain systemic conditions like diabetes, thyroid disorders, and cardiovascular diseases have been associated with an increased risk of developing frozen shoulder.

  4. Hormonal Imbalances: Some hormonal imbalances, such as those experienced during menopause, may contribute to the development of frozen shoulder.

Symptoms of Frozen Shoulder

The primary symptoms of frozen shoulder include pain and stiffness in the shoulder joint. The condition typically progresses through three distinct stages:

  1. Freezing Stage: During this stage, individuals experience a gradual onset of shoulder pain and stiffness. Range of motion becomes limited, making it difficult to perform simple tasks such as reaching for objects or dressing oneself.

  2. Frozen Stage: In this stage, shoulder pain may begin to subside, but stiffness remains. The limited range of motion persists, causing difficulties in various activities and leading to decreased shoulder function.

  3. Thawing Stage: The final stage involves a gradual improvement in shoulder mobility and a reduction in stiffness. The recovery period can vary widely, ranging from months to years.

Treatment Options

While frozen shoulder may resolve on its own over time, treatment can help alleviate symptoms and expedite recovery. Here are some common treatment options:

  1. Physical Therapy: Physical therapy plays a crucial role in managing frozen shoulder. A physical therapist can guide you through specific exercises to improve range of motion and strengthen the muscles surrounding the shoulder joint.

  2. Pain Medication: Over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen can help reduce pain and inflammation associated with frozen shoulder. In some cases, your doctor may prescribe stronger pain medications.

  3. Corticosteroid Injections: Corticosteroid injections directly into the shoulder joint can provide temporary relief from pain and inflammation, enabling individuals to participate more effectively in physical therapy.

  4. Joint Distension: In this procedure, sterile water or saline is injected into the shoulder joint to help stretch the capsule and improve range of motion.

  5. Manipulation Under Anesthesia (MUA): MUA is performed under general anesthesia, during which a healthcare professional moves the shoulder joint in various directions to break up adhesions and improve mobility.

  6. Surgical Intervention: In rare cases where conservative treatments have failed, surgical intervention may be considered. Arthroscopic surgery is typically performed to release the adhesions and restore range of motion.

Conclusion

Frozen shoulder can be a challenging and debilitating condition, but with proper treatment and management, most individuals can experience significant improvement in their shoulder function. Early intervention, including physical therapy and pain management, is crucial in preventing further progression and minimizing discomfort. If you suspect you may have frozen shoulder, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment plan. Remember, patience and consistent efforts in following the recommended treatment options can ultimately lead to a more flexible and pain-free shoulder .

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